About Hertfordshire
Country: England
Region: East of England
Established: 9th century
Area: 1,643 km2 (634 sq mi)
Population: 1,204,500
Largest settlement: Watford
Hertfordshire is a county in the East of England.
It borders Bedfordshire to the north-west, Cambridgeshire to the north-east, Essex to the east, Greater London to the south and Buckinghamshire to the west.
The name Hertfordshire comes from the Old English words heort (hart or deer) and ford (a ford, or shallow crossing of a river). Shire means county.
History:
The first written record of the name Hertfordshire appears in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle in 1011.
Prehistoric Times:
Hertfordshire has a rich prehistoric history, with evidence of human settlement dating back to the Mesolithic period, about 12,000 years ago.
The area was probably occupied during the Neolithic period, about 5,000 BC with settlements, enclosures, and long barrows from that time period.
The Catuvellauni tribe, a Celtic tribe, occupied Hertfordshire during the Iron Age and established their main settlement in Verlamion, near what is now called St Albans.
Roman Times:
Hertfordshire was a significant part of Roman Britain. The Romans established settlements, roads, and infrastructure in the region, with Verulamium becoming a major city and the only one to be granted self-governing status.
Anglo Saxon Times:
Evidence suggests a mixed population initially, with Romano-British and Saxon communities existing alongside each other.
Norman Times:
The Normans built castles, like Hertford Castle, to assert control over the region and the river. Hertford Castle, initially a Saxon fortification, was expanded and strengthened by the Normans.
Tudor and Stuart Times:
Hertfordshire experienced significant changes, including the dissolution of monasteries, the establishment of deer parks, and the influence of the monarchy.
The Tudor period saw a shift in land ownership, with the crown owning a large portion of the county's parkland. Wealthy landowners also engaged in various hunting activities, including stag hunts, falconry, and fishing.
Industrial Revolution Times:
The Industrial Revolution saw an increase in population and the expansion of existing industries.
The county saw population growth boosted due to the new Grand Junction canal and railway networks, The expansion of more industries including hat making, paper manufacturing, and malting.
Victorian Times:
While primarily agricultural, some industries like soap making and hat emerged and flourished.
Improved roads and the development of the railway impacted Hertfordshire, which created an improved connection with London. Which improved existing and developed new trade.
Modern Times:
The county is known for its beautiful countryside, bustling towns, and significant film and television industry.
Recent developments include focusing on community engagement and showcasing Hertfordshire's cultural and historical attractions.